选择催眠药时的药代动力学及临床考量
Pharmacokinetic and clinical considerations in the choice of a hypnotic.
作者信息
Amrein R, Eckert M, Haefeli H, Leishman B
出版信息
Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1983;16 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):5S-10S. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1983.tb02265.x.
Not only has insomnia become much more frequent in the last hundred years but its causes have also changed considerably. In the treatment of insomnia, benzodiazepines--because of their additional anxiolytic effect--offer substantial advantages over other sleep-inducing agents. The residual fraction--the quotient of plasma concentration at 12 h after drug intake to maximum plasma concentration--makes it possible to differentiate between the benzodiazepines according to their suitability as anxiolytics or hypnotics. Midazolam has the lowest residual fraction of all known benzodiazepines and thus, administered in the appropriate dosage, also has the shortest duration of activity.
在过去的一百年里，失眠不仅变得更加频繁，其成因也发生了相当大的变化。在失眠治疗中，苯二氮䓬类药物因其额外的抗焦虑作用，相比其他助眠药物具有显著优势。残留分数（即服药后12小时的血浆浓度与最大血浆浓度的比值）使得根据苯二氮䓬类药物作为抗焦虑药或催眠药的适用性来区分它们成为可能。咪达唑仑在所有已知苯二氮䓬类药物中残留分数最低，因此，以适当剂量给药时，其作用持续时间也最短。
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