Olson E B, Vidruk E H, McCrimmon D R, Dempsey J A
Respir Physiol. 1983 Oct;54(1):79-96. doi: 10.1016/0034-5687(83)90115-9.
The levels and turnovers of NE, DA and 5HT were determined in whole brain, brain stem, cervical and thoracic spinal cord and carotid bodies (CB) of rats exposed to from 1 h to 7 days of hypobaric hypoxia (PB = 450 torr). Monoamine levels decreased only transiently upon acute exposure to hypoxia. Monoamine turnover in the CNS was estimated from the average of (a) monoamine buildup following inhibition of catabolism, and (b) monoamine breakdown following inhibition of synthesis. Hypoxic effects on CNS monoamine turnover showed that: (a) NE was not affected; (b) DA was not affected in acute hypoxia, but was reduced to about 40% of normoxia control after 1-7 days hypoxia; (c) 5HT fell 50-60% during acute hypoxia but returned to and was maintained at control over 1-7 days of hypoxia; (d) acute restoration of normoxia following acute hypoxia restored 5HT and DA to control or above and in the acclimatized animal acute normoxia increased DA and 5HT turnover to about 1.4 and 1.8 X control. In the CB, DA levels gradually increased to 4 X control after 7 days of hypoxia and further increased to 6 X control upon acute restoration of normoxia. Changes in the metabolism of both central 5HT and CB DA may be related to the mechanisms mediating ventilatory acclimatization to chronic hypoxia.
在暴露于1小时至7天低压缺氧（PB = 450托）的大鼠的全脑、脑干、颈段和胸段脊髓以及颈动脉体（CB）中测定了去甲肾上腺素（NE）、多巴胺（DA）和5-羟色胺（5HT）的水平及周转率。急性暴露于缺氧时，单胺水平仅短暂下降。中枢神经系统中单胺周转率是根据以下两者的平均值估算的：（a）分解代谢受抑制后单胺的积累，以及（b）合成受抑制后单胺的分解。缺氧对中枢神经系统单胺周转率的影响表明：（a）NE未受影响；（b）急性缺氧时DA未受影响，但在缺氧1 - 7天后降至常氧对照的约40%；（c）急性缺氧期间5HT下降50 - 60%，但在缺氧1 - 7天内恢复并维持在对照水平；（d）急性缺氧后急性恢复常氧使5HT和DA恢复至对照水平或以上，并且在适应环境的动物中，急性常氧使DA和5HT周转率增加至对照的约1.4倍和1.8倍。在CB中，缺氧7天后DA水平逐渐增加至对照的4倍，急性恢复常氧后进一步增加至对照的6倍。中枢5HT和CB DA代谢的变化可能与介导对慢性缺氧的通气适应的机制有关。
