Shulkes A, Stephens D, Hardy K J
Comp Biochem Physiol C Comp Pharmacol Toxicol. 1983;76(2):345-9. doi: 10.1016/0742-8413(83)90089-0.
The distribution of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), bombesin and gastrin-cholecystokinin in the chicken was studied by radioimmunoassay of tissue extracts. VIP was present in high concentrations in colon (186 +/- 29 pmol/g), cloaca (116 +/- 27 pmol/g), jejunum (97 +/- 14 pmol/g) and pancreas (15 +/- 3 pmol/g) but not detected in lung, liver or thymus. The highest concentration of bombesin was in the proventriculus (92 +/- 13 pmol/g), negligible in remaining gut but found in brain. Gel chromatography indicated two forms of bombesin: one form eluting with bombesin-14 and the other with gastrin releasing peptide. Gastrin-like immunoreactivity was found in low levels in the gut and brain. The concentrations were higher with an antiserum which cross reacted with the carboxy terminus common to gastrin-17 and CCK compared to a gastrin specific antisera (P less than 0.01). This suggests that the carboxy terminal region has been conserved during evolution. Each distribution pattern of bombesin, VIP and gastrin CCK is different, and distinct from that found in mammals, suggesting specific roles for these peptides in birds.
通过对组织提取物进行放射免疫测定，研究了血管活性肠肽（VIP）、蛙皮素和胃泌素-胆囊收缩素在鸡体内的分布情况。VIP在结肠（186±29 pmol/g）、泄殖腔（116±27 pmol/g）、空肠（97±14 pmol/g）和胰腺（15±3 pmol/g）中浓度较高，但在肺、肝或胸腺中未检测到。蛙皮素浓度最高的部位是腺胃（92±13 pmol/g），在其余肠道中含量可忽略不计，但在脑中可检测到。凝胶色谱分析显示有两种形式的蛙皮素：一种与蛙皮素-14一起洗脱，另一种与胃泌素释放肽一起洗脱。在肠道和脑中发现了低水平的胃泌素样免疫反应性。与胃泌素特异性抗血清相比，与胃泌素-17和胆囊收缩素共同的羧基末端发生交叉反应的抗血清所测得的浓度更高（P<0.01）。这表明羧基末端区域在进化过程中得到了保留。蛙皮素、VIP和胃泌素-胆囊收缩素的每种分布模式都不同，且与在哺乳动物中发现的模式不同，这表明这些肽在鸟类中具有特定作用。
