Saffouri B, DuVal J W, Arimura A, Makhlouf G M
Gastroenterology. 1984 May;86(5 Pt 1):839-42.
The presence of vasoactive intestinal peptide in intramural neurons of the stomach and in nerve fibers of antral and fundic mucosa raises the possibility that vasoactive intestinal peptide may participate in the regulation of gastrin secretion or somatostatin secretion, or both. This possibility was examined in the isolated vascularly perfused rat stomach by measuring the effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide and its homolog, secretin, alone or in combination with somatostatin antiserum on gastrin and somatostatin secretion. Both vasoactive intestinal peptide and secretin caused a sustained increase in somatostatin secretion in accordance with previous reports by others, but only secretin caused a sustained decrease in gastrin secretion; vasoactive intestinal peptide caused a transient increase in gastrin secretion followed by a return to control levels. Infusion of somatostatin antiserum in combination with vasoactive intestinal peptide caused a significant and sustained increase in gastrin secretion; however, the increase was not greater than that previously found with infusion of somatostatin antiserum alone. Infusion of somatostatin antiserum in combination with secretin caused a transient (2 min) increase in gastrin secretion followed by a sustained decrease in gastrin secretion equal to that caused by secretin alone. The results suggest that vasoactive intestinal peptide participates in the regulation of somatostatin but not of gastrin secretion. The results also suggest that basal secretion of somatostatin exerts an optimal inhibitory effect on gastrin secretion that is not exceeded by further increase in somatostatin secretion. At high concentrations, secretin has a direct inhibitory effect on gastrin secretion but this effect is not likely to be physiologically relevant.
血管活性肠肽存在于胃壁内神经元以及胃窦和胃底黏膜的神经纤维中，这增加了血管活性肠肽可能参与胃泌素分泌调节或生长抑素分泌调节，或两者皆参与的可能性。通过测量血管活性肠肽及其同系物促胰液素单独或与生长抑素抗血清联合使用对胃泌素和生长抑素分泌的影响，在离体血管灌注的大鼠胃中对这一可能性进行了研究。与其他人之前的报道一致，血管活性肠肽和促胰液素均导致生长抑素分泌持续增加，但只有促胰液素导致胃泌素分泌持续减少；血管活性肠肽导致胃泌素分泌短暂增加，随后恢复到对照水平。将生长抑素抗血清与血管活性肠肽联合输注导致胃泌素分泌显著且持续增加；然而，这种增加并不比之前单独输注生长抑素抗血清时更大。将生长抑素抗血清与促胰液素联合输注导致胃泌素分泌短暂（2分钟）增加，随后胃泌素分泌持续减少，且减少程度与单独使用促胰液素时相同。结果表明，血管活性肠肽参与生长抑素的调节，但不参与胃泌素分泌的调节。结果还表明，生长抑素的基础分泌对胃泌素分泌发挥最佳抑制作用，生长抑素分泌进一步增加不会超过这一抑制作用。在高浓度时，促胰液素对胃泌素分泌有直接抑制作用，但这种作用在生理上可能并不相关。
