McGeer E G, Staines W A, McGeer P L
Can J Neurol Sci. 1984 Feb;11(1 Suppl):89-99. doi: 10.1017/s0317167100046217.
The literature is reviewed on the afferents and efferents of the caudate/putamen, globus pallidus and substantia nigra, and on the neurotransmitters occurring in the various tracts. Emphasis is placed upon the diverse roles played by GABA and glutamate as transmitters in motor pathways and upon the probability that the substantia nigra pars reticulata plays a pivotal role in the output of the basal ganglia. Excessive stimulation of the projection from the pedunculopontine tegmental area to the substantia nigra is shown to cause destruction of dopaminergic neurons in the latter nucleus, suggesting another possible mechanism for cell death in Parkinson's disease.
本文综述了有关尾状核/壳核、苍白球和黑质的传入和传出神经，以及各传导束中存在的神经递质的文献。重点在于γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）和谷氨酸作为运动通路中的递质所发挥的不同作用，以及黑质网状部在基底神经节输出中起关键作用的可能性。从脚桥被盖区到黑质的投射受到过度刺激会导致后者核团中多巴胺能神经元的破坏，这提示了帕金森病细胞死亡的另一种可能机制。
