Sly R M
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1984 May;73(5 Pt 2):680-5. doi: 10.1016/0091-6749(84)90305-1.
beta-Adrenergic drugs are effective as bronchodilators and as inhibitors of exercise-induced asthma. Inhalation is the route of choice, but technique determines adequacy of delivery of the drug to the lower airways. The duration of bronchodilation can differ from the duration of inhibition of exercise-induced asthma. Albuterol aerosol usually prevents exercise-induced asthma for 4 to 6 hr, but metaproterenol aerosol affords protection to most asthmatics for less than 2 hr. Albuterol aerosol is the drug of choice for prevention of exercise-induced asthma. When a beta-adrenergic drug alone does not afford adequate protection, addition of theophylline, cromolyn, or an inhaled corticosteroid may enhance protection.
β-肾上腺素能药物作为支气管扩张剂和运动诱发性哮喘的抑制剂是有效的。吸入是首选途径，但技术决定了药物向下呼吸道输送的充分性。支气管扩张的持续时间可能与运动诱发性哮喘抑制的持续时间不同。沙丁胺醇气雾剂通常可预防运动诱发性哮喘4至6小时，但间羟异丙肾上腺素气雾剂对大多数哮喘患者的保护作用不到2小时。沙丁胺醇气雾剂是预防运动诱发性哮喘的首选药物。当单独使用β-肾上腺素能药物不能提供足够的保护时，添加茶碱、色甘酸或吸入性皮质类固醇可能会增强保护作用。
