Badiche A, Eudier F, Guerry P
Encephale. 1983;9(4 Suppl 2):17B-21B.
Anxiety as a state of arousal--Is it the same thing in pathology as in the ordinary experience of every human being? The outward show of anxiety is evidently the same, but what exactly do we mean by anxiety? Anxiety is one of the less welcome sides of man's superiority over the animals, stemming from a consciousness of one's own being, the freedom to make choices about the future and to plan ahead, the need to develop one's own personality, to create an identity for oneself in an environment where the means for such self-fulfillment appear always to be insufficient. This existential anxiety becomes pathological through symptoms; it manifests a specific weakness for each psychopathological structure. There are two different, but not irreconcilable approaches to understanding the mechanisms of anxiety: one biodynamic , the other psychodynamic. These two approaches should complement rather oppose one another. Anxiety is the cry of a self in the process of becoming, it is expressed through language. Administration of an anti-anxiety drug has a biochemical impact, but this should not be sufficient in itself. When a doctor prescribes an anti-anxiety drug, he should always encourage the patient to talk. Drug therapy thus becomes a means rather than an end in itself: It enables the patient to find the words to express his anxiety.
焦虑作为一种唤起状态——在病理学中它与每个人的日常体验是一回事吗？焦虑的外在表现显然是相同的，但我们所说的焦虑究竟是什么意思呢？焦虑是人类优于动物的较不受欢迎的方面之一，它源于对自身存在的意识、对未来做出选择和提前规划的自由、发展自身个性的需要、在一个自我实现的手段似乎总是不足的环境中为自己创造一种身份认同。这种生存焦虑通过症状而变得病态；它表现出每种精神病理结构的特定弱点。对于理解焦虑机制有两种不同但并非不可调和的方法：一种是生物动力学方法，另一种是心理动力学方法。这两种方法应该相互补充而不是相互对立。焦虑是一个正在形成的自我的呼喊，它通过语言来表达。服用抗焦虑药物有生化影响，但这本身应该是不够的。当医生开抗焦虑药物时，他应该总是鼓励患者交谈。药物治疗因此成为一种手段而非目的本身：它使患者能够找到表达焦虑的话语。
