McCreary C, Colman A
J Clin Psychol. 1984 Jan;40(1):15-9. doi: 10.1002/1097-4679(198401)40:1<15::aid-jclp2270400103>3.0.co;2-j.
Examined chronic low back pain outpatients (N = 126) at a university hospital outpatient back clinic. Prior to their orthopedic examination, patients were given the MMPI, the Pain Experience Questionnaire (a modified form of the McGill Pain Questionnaire), and a medical history form that indicated onset of injury, number of surgeries, functional limitations, and use of medications. Four patterns of drug usage emerged with sufficient number to permit statistical analysis: (1) none; (2) aspirin-type medications; (3) single narcotics alone; and (4) narcotics combined with other medications. Group 4 patients scored significantly higher on the Hypochondriasis and Hysteria scales than the others, whereas Group 3 patients scored higher on the PD (acting out) scale. Group 4 patients reported more intense pain and chose more affective terms (punishing/terrorizing/sickening) in describing their pain than the other three groups. Group 1 patients reported significantly less limitation in walking, running, and climbing.
对一家大学医院门诊背部诊所的慢性腰痛门诊患者（N = 126 例）进行了检查。在进行骨科检查之前，患者接受了明尼苏达多相人格调查表（MMPI）、疼痛体验问卷（麦吉尔疼痛问卷的修订版）以及一份病史表格，该表格记录了受伤时间、手术次数、功能受限情况和药物使用情况。出现了四种药物使用模式，其数量足以进行统计分析：（1）未用药；（2）使用阿司匹林类药物；（3）仅使用单一麻醉药品；（4）麻醉药品与其他药物联用。第 4 组患者在疑病量表和癔病量表上的得分显著高于其他组，而第 3 组患者在表演（外化）量表上的得分更高。与其他三组相比，第 4 组患者报告的疼痛更强烈，并且在描述疼痛时选择了更多情感性词汇（惩罚性的/恐怖的/令人厌恶的）。第 1 组患者报告在行走、跑步和攀爬方面的受限明显更少。
