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口腔保护器与运动队牙医。健康教育与视听服务局,牙科材料、器械及设备委员会。

Mouth protectors and sports team dentists. Bureau of Health Education and Audiovisual Services, Council on Dental Materials, Instruments, and Equipment.

作者信息

Powers J M, Godwin W C, Heintz W D

出版信息

J Am Dent Assoc. 1984 Jul;109(1):84-7.

PMID:6146644
Abstract

A mouth protector must be easy to fabricate, comfortable, able to accommodate the needs of an individual's dentition, durable, easily held in place, and able to provide adequate protection to the teeth, jaws, and cranial structures. The thermoplastic mouth protector is recommended if it is to be placed or formed by the athlete; however, supervision of the fitting procedure by a dentist is recommended. The most desirable protector, however, is the custom-made mouth protector fabricated by a dentist from a thermoplastic material. With the custom-made protector, the dentist can optimize fit, comfort, and speech as well as tend to any control of form to the special dental requirements of the athlete. Thousands of football players have avoided oral injuries by wearing mouth protectors and faceguards. In other sports, dental safety still needs to be improved. National athletic organizations should be urged to require players to wear adequate mouth protectors. Dentists, health and physical education professionals, and other concerned persons should tell all athletes, patients, and parents, why mouth protectors are necessary and what types of protectors effectively reduce or minimize the incidence of injury. All organized sports teams should have their own team dentists to help ensure that players maintain the best possible oral health. If these actions are taken, fewer athletes will suffer the pain, inconvenience, and expense of unnecessary and frequently disfiguring oral injuries.

摘要

口腔保护器必须易于制作、佩戴舒适、能够适应个体牙列的需求、耐用、易于固定在位,并且能够为牙齿、颌骨和颅骨结构提供充分的保护。如果由运动员自行佩戴或塑形,推荐使用热塑性口腔保护器;不过,建议在适配过程中有牙医进行监督。然而,最理想的保护器是由牙医使用热塑性材料制作的定制口腔保护器。有了定制保护器,牙医可以优化贴合度、舒适度和语音效果,还能根据运动员的特殊牙齿需求对形状进行调整。成千上万的橄榄球运动员通过佩戴口腔保护器和面部防护装置避免了口腔损伤。在其他运动项目中,牙齿安全仍有待改善。应敦促国家体育组织要求运动员佩戴合适的口腔保护器。牙医、健康与体育教育专业人员以及其他相关人士应告知所有运动员、患者和家长,为什么口腔保护器是必要的,以及哪种类型的保护器能有效降低或减少受伤几率。所有有组织的运动队都应有自己的队医,以帮助确保运动员保持尽可能良好的口腔健康。如果采取这些措施,遭受不必要且往往会毁容的口腔损伤所带来的痛苦、不便和费用的运动员将会减少。

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