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Am J Hosp Pharm. 1984 Aug;41(8):1536-47.
Innovative new drugs and drug-delivery systems are discussed as they pertain to health-care delivery for the next 20 years. In general, experts predict that new drugs will differ in three respects from today's agents: (1) they will be more specific, (2) they will act closer to the site of the lesion, and (3) they will more often be natural products such as peptides and proteins. Immunomodulators are expected to be greatly different as substances such as interferon and the interleukins are used clinically. Major innovations are likely to occur for neurotransmitters, neurotrophic hormones, and mood-altering drugs. Genetic engineering will also have a marked effect on the availability of certain kinds of drugs in large quantities, on the treatment of some inherited diseases, and on the prevention of cancer. Monoclonal antibodies and prostaglandins are already being considered for therapeutic roles. Finally, genetic engineering will permit the development of vaccines with increased safety profiles. Regarding drug-delivery systems, controlled-release technology is an area of intense research. Magnetic systems are in the development stage for the treatment of localized internal conditions such as tumors or transplanted organs. Implanted pumps, liposomes, and improved delivery of neurotransmitters are also being developed further. The implications of new drugs and delivery systems are far-reaching for pharmacists. The role of pharmacists as information providers will likely increase, and pharmacists will find that they increasingly will handle high-technology drug-delivery systems rather than simple tablets and syrups.
本文讨论了与未来20年医疗保健相关的创新型新药和药物递送系统。总体而言，专家预测新药将在三个方面与当今的药物有所不同：（1）它们将更具特异性；（2）它们将在更接近病变部位发挥作用；（3）它们将更多地是天然产物，如肽和蛋白质。随着干扰素和白细胞介素等物质在临床上的应用，免疫调节剂预计会有很大不同。神经递质、神经营养激素和情绪调节药物可能会有重大创新。基因工程也将对某些药物的大量供应、一些遗传性疾病的治疗以及癌症的预防产生显著影响。单克隆抗体和前列腺素已被考虑用于治疗用途。最后，基因工程将允许开发安全性更高的疫苗。关于药物递送系统，控释技术是一个深入研究的领域。磁性系统正处于开发阶段，用于治疗局部内部病症，如肿瘤或移植器官。植入式泵、脂质体以及神经递质递送的改进也在进一步研发中。新药和递送系统对药剂师的影响深远。药剂师作为信息提供者的角色可能会增加，并且药剂师会发现他们越来越多地处理高科技药物递送系统，而不是简单的片剂和糖浆。
