Prescott L F
Hum Toxicol. 1984 Aug;3 Suppl:75S-84S. doi: 10.1177/096032718400300109.
Analgesic poisoning is a common medical emergency, and these drugs account for about 30% of self-poisoning in adults. Aspirin and paracetamol are taken most often, and can cause significant morbidity and mortality. However, problems with the hepatotoxicity of paracetamol have been greatly reduced by the introduction of effective treatment with agents such as N-acetylcysteine. The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory analgesics are not commonly taken in overdosage but the incidence of self-poisoning with mefenamic acid is increasing at an alarming rate. With the exception of phenylbutazone and mefenamic acid these drugs rarely seem to cause serious toxicity. The narcotic analgesics can cause profound respiratory depression and are the most dangerous drugs in overdosage.
镇痛药中毒是一种常见的医疗急症,这些药物约占成人自我中毒病例的30%。阿司匹林和对乙酰氨基酚服用最为频繁,可导致严重的发病和死亡。然而,通过引入N-乙酰半胱氨酸等药物进行有效治疗,对乙酰氨基酚的肝毒性问题已大大减少。非甾体抗炎镇痛药很少过量服用,但甲芬那酸自我中毒的发生率正以惊人的速度上升。除保泰松和甲芬那酸外,这些药物似乎很少引起严重毒性。麻醉性镇痛药可导致深度呼吸抑制,是过量服用时最危险的药物。