Orme B M, Hegstrom R H
Postgrad Med. 1984 Nov 15;76(7):84-90. doi: 10.1080/00325481.1984.11698800.
A wide variety of drugs are available for treatment of hypertension. Diuretics, long the sole therapy, can control blood pressure in more than 40% of patients. If a diuretic alone proves inadequate, a beta-adrenergic blocking agent, vasodilator, and central-acting sympathetic inhibitor may be added, as needed, in the familiar four-step program. A calcium channel blocker, with its vasodilating effects, or an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor may be considered in appropriate situations. Selection among these agents should be based on knowledge of their pharmacologic action, duration of action, and side effects. With careful selection, blood pressure can be better controlled, side effects minimized, and patient compliance improved.
有多种药物可用于治疗高血压。利尿剂长期以来一直是唯一的治疗方法，能使40%以上的患者血压得到控制。如果单独使用利尿剂效果不佳，可根据需要，按照常见的四步方案，加用β - 肾上腺素能阻滞剂、血管扩张剂和中枢作用交感神经抑制剂。在适当情况下，可考虑使用具有血管扩张作用的钙通道阻滞剂或血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂。这些药物的选择应基于对其药理作用、作用持续时间和副作用的了解。通过仔细选择，可更好地控制血压，将副作用降至最低，并提高患者的依从性。
