[Genetics in blood diseases].

The mechanisms of the haemoglobin's disturbances provoked by the mutation or the insufficient function of genes which regulate the synthesis of the corresponding polypeptide chains of haemoglobin have been described. Especially the authors pointed out the well known relation between the change of the primary structure of these chains and the structure of new codon created by the mutation of gene. Some important mechanisms which regulate the degree of oxygen affinity of haemoglobin and which are considerably altered in some haemoglobinopaties have also been described.