Agarwal K N, Prasad C
J Nutr. 1980 Nov;110(11):2166-7. doi: 10.1093/jn/110.11.2166.
Six groups of five female rats each aged 6 weeks at start were fed different diets for a period of 15 days. The protein sources of diets used were: a) 10% casein: b) wheat: c) Bengalgram: d) wheat + lysine: and e) Bengalgram + methionine + cystine + tryptophan, all containing 1.6 g nitrogen/100 g, and f) 20% casein (3.2 g nitrogen/100 g diet). The group of five rats fed a 10% casein diet served as control. It was observed that total brain RNA, protein and free alpha amino nitrogen content and protein/DNA ratio were significantly decreased on wheat and Bengalgram diets as compared to the control. The specific activities of glutamine synthetase, glutaminase I, glutaminase II and glutamate decarboxylase and concentrations of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glutamine and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain were also decreased on wheat and Bengalgram diets. The fortification of wheat with lysine and of Bengalgram with methionine, cystine and tryptophan did not alter brain weight and DNA content. While brain RNA, protein free alpha amino nitrogen (F alpha AN) and activities of enzymes of glutamic acid metabolism and related amino acid levels were restored, the activity of enzyme glutamine transferase and alanine concentration remained unaltered on various diets fed. The observations on 20% casein diet showed that levels were similar to those observed on 10% casein diet.
选取六组每组五只起始年龄为6周的雌性大鼠，分别喂食不同的日粮，为期15天。所用日粮的蛋白质来源分别为：a）10%酪蛋白；b）小麦；c）鹰嘴豆；d）小麦+赖氨酸；e）鹰嘴豆+蛋氨酸+胱氨酸+色氨酸，所有日粮含氮量均为1.6 g/100 g，以及f）20%酪蛋白（日粮含氮量3.2 g/100 g）。喂食10%酪蛋白日粮的五只大鼠组作为对照。观察发现，与对照组相比，喂食小麦和鹰嘴豆日粮的大鼠脑总RNA、蛋白质、游离α-氨基氮含量及蛋白质/DNA比值显著降低。喂食小麦和鹰嘴豆日粮的大鼠脑中谷氨酰胺合成酶、谷氨酰胺酶I、谷氨酰胺酶II和谷氨酸脱羧酶的比活性以及天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、谷氨酰胺和γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）的浓度也降低。用赖氨酸强化小麦和用蛋氨酸、胱氨酸及色氨酸强化鹰嘴豆并未改变脑重量和DNA含量。虽然脑RNA、蛋白质、游离α-氨基氮（FαAN）以及谷氨酸代谢酶活性和相关氨基酸水平得以恢复，但喂食不同日粮时，谷氨酰胺转移酶活性和丙氨酸浓度未发生改变。对20%酪蛋白日粮的观察结果表明，其水平与10%酪蛋白日粮的观察结果相似。
