Drug-induced changes in catecholaminergic cells of the fish retina.

The changes in fluorescence intensity and number of visible catecholaminergic cells (CA-cells), as revealed by means of a histofluorescence technique, were used as indicators of the effects of various pharmacological agents upon CA-cells in the retina of fishes (Cyprinus carpio and Eugerres plumieri). The study includes in vivo and in vitro experiments. In the in vivo experiments, intravitreal injection, two or three hours before eye enucleation, of 10 microgram L-DOPA, dopamine, or noradrenaline accentuated CA-cell fluorescence and increased the number of visible cells, whereas 10 microgram of tyramine, octopamine, synephrine, or adrenaline reduced the endogenous fluorescence. Intramuscular injection of reserpine (3 mg/kg) abolished CA-cell fluorescence. In the in vitro experiments, pieces of isolated retinas were incubated for three or 30 minutes in media containing different drugs. Only minor changes in fluorescence were detected after three minutes of incubation, but after 30 minutes, dopamine (20 microM) markedly enhanced CA-cell fluorescence. Carbachol (20 mM), acetylcholine (10 mM) plus BW-anticholinesterase (1 mM) or substance P(1.6 x 10(-2) mM), all reduced CA-cell fluorescence. Kainic acid (20 mM) abolished fluorescence from CA-cell somata, while fluorescent fiber networks remain unchanged. L-aspartate (5 mM) and GABA (10 mM) in the incubation medium did not influence fluorescence intensity. The results are relevant to, and consistent with, electrophysiological observations of dopamine-mediated spatial effects on horizontal cell potentials.