Russell L D, Brandon R A, Zalisko E J, Martan J
Tissue Cell. 1981;13(3):609-21. doi: 10.1016/0040-8166(81)90031-8.
Living spermatozoa were observed in freshly deposited spermatophores and in fluid from vasa deferentia. In the distal, but not proximal, vas deferens spermatozoa moved together in whorls with heads and tails in alignment. Around the entire periphery of the spermatophore cap, similar slowly undulating groups of spermatozoa had their heads aligned and directed outward. Over time, some individual spermatozoa left the cap of the spermatophore and moved into the surrounding water (cap deterioration). Microscopical observations were made on spermatophore squashes and paraffin sections of spermatophores and vasa deferentia. Spermatozoa around the periphery of the cap were underlain by a PAS-positive membrane-like material. Cytoplasmic droplets, which were attached to spermatozoan necks in the vas deferens, were accumulated in the center of the spermatophore cap deep to the PAS-positive membrane. Spermatophore stalks were strongly PAS and Alcian blue positive and showed positive reaction for RNA. Tests for lipids and proteins were negative in the whole spermatophore. Electron microscopic observations showed the stalk of the spermatophore to be composed of rounded 'balls' of fibrous material. At the juncture of the stalk and cap a less dense fibrous material impacted the stalk enclosing many sperm tails and some heads and, although no attachment devices were visualized, the sperm were closely apposed to this material as was the spermatophore stalk. This finely filamentous material encircled the cap and was more prominent in some regions than others. The PAS-positive material detected with the light microscope was also observed with the electron microscope. It was circumferentially oriented and was composed of 200 A packed filamentous densities. Sperm heads and tails were found lying external to the membrane, whereas only tails and cytoplasmic droplets occupied the core of the spermatophore. Cytoplasmic droplets were usually free of the sperm tail and contained membranous sacs and two types of nuage material.
在刚排出的精荚以及输精管液中观察到了活的精子。在输精管的远端而非近端，精子以螺旋状一起移动，头部和尾部排列整齐。在精荚帽的整个周边，类似的缓慢起伏的精子群头部排列整齐并向外指向。随着时间的推移，一些单个精子离开精荚帽并移入周围的水中（精荚帽退化）。对精荚压片以及精荚和输精管的石蜡切片进行了显微镜观察。帽周边的精子下面有一层PAS阳性的膜状物质。附着在输精管中精子颈部的细胞质滴，聚集在精荚帽中心、PAS阳性膜的深处。精荚柄对PAS和阿尔辛蓝呈强阳性反应，对RNA也呈阳性反应。对整个精荚进行脂质和蛋白质检测均为阴性。电子显微镜观察显示，精荚柄由纤维状物质的圆形“球”组成。在柄与帽的交界处，一种密度较小的纤维状物质冲击着柄，包围着许多精子尾部和一些头部，尽管没有观察到附着装置，但精子与这种物质紧密相邻，精荚柄也是如此。这种细丝状物质环绕着帽，在某些区域比其他区域更明显。用光学显微镜检测到的PAS阳性物质在电子显微镜下也能观察到。它呈周向排列，由200埃紧密排列的丝状密度组成。精子头部和尾部位于膜的外部，而精荚的核心仅包含尾部和细胞质滴。细胞质滴通常与精子尾部分离，含有膜囊和两种类型的基质物质。
