Molecular cloning of gene sequences for avian fatty acid synthase and evidence for nutritional regulation of fatty acid synthase mRNA concentration.

A double-stranded cDNA library was constructed using total poly(A)+ RNA from the goose uropygial gland. Clones containing sequences complementary to fatty acid synthase mRNA were initially identified by colony hybridization with a 32P-labeled cDNA transcribed from RNA enriched for fatty acid synthase mRNA. Identity of the fatty acid synthase clones was confirmed by hybrid-selected translation. Mature fatty acid synthase mRNA is approximately 16 kilobases in length. When unfed neonatal goslings were fed for 24 hr, relative synthesis of hepatic fatty acid synthase increased more than 42-fold. Concomitantly, hepatic fatty acid synthase mRNA levels increased 70-fold. Thus, nutritional regulation of the synthesis of hepatic fatty acid synthase probably occurs at the pretranslational level. The availability of a specific probe for fatty acid synthase mRNA should allow us to analyze the regulation of expression of this gene during development, by nutrition and by hormones in both liver and uropygial gland.