Emmelin N
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1981 Dec 18;296(1080):27-35. doi: 10.1098/rstb.1981.0168.
In the production and flow of saliva, sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves generally cooperate, although variations between the different salivary glands are considerable, particularly in the sympathetic innervation. In the submandibular gland of the dog, sympathetic impulses cause secretion via beta-adrenoceptors, and since sympathetic motor effects are elicited via alpha-adrenoceptors it is possible to study separately motor and secretory effects in this gland. Such experiments indicate that myoepithelial contractions serve to accelerate the salivary flow and to support the secreting acinar cells and prevent back-flow of fluid from the luminal system into the glandular tissues. The contractions are elicited reflexly from the oral mucosa together with secretion. A potentiation interaction between sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves occurs in the formation of the primary saliva. In parotid glands of rabbits and rats such an interaction has been demonstrated in the secretion of amylase.
在唾液的产生和流动过程中，交感神经和副交感神经通常相互协作，尽管不同唾液腺之间的差异相当大，尤其是在交感神经支配方面。在狗的下颌下腺中，交感神经冲动通过β-肾上腺素能受体引起分泌，并且由于交感神经的运动效应是通过α-肾上腺素能受体引发的，因此有可能在该腺体中分别研究运动和分泌效应。此类实验表明，肌上皮收缩有助于加速唾液流动，支持分泌性腺泡细胞，并防止管腔系统中的液体回流到腺组织中。这些收缩与分泌一起从口腔黏膜反射性地引发。在初级唾液的形成过程中，交感神经和副交感神经之间存在增强相互作用。在兔子和大鼠的腮腺中，这种相互作用已在淀粉酶分泌中得到证实。
