Riddle P J, Font R L, Zimmerman L E
Hum Pathol. 1982 May;13(5):459-69. doi: 10.1016/s0046-8177(82)80029-4.
This clinicopathologic study includes 15 cases of carcinoid tumors of the eye and orbit. The patients ranged in age from 14 to 86 years (median, 53). No prediction for either gender was found. Seven tumors involved the orbit, seven the choroid, and one the iris. The primary site of origin of the carcinoid tumor was known in 12 cases: seven in the bronchus, one in the trachea, and four in the ileum. In three cases an orbital tumor was present but no other known primary neoplasm was clinically apparent. The postoperative follow-up period ranged from 0 to 4 years. The urinary levels of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) were elevated in four of ten patients tested, each of whom had a known primary tumor and two of whom had clinical evidence of the carcinoid syndrome. Four main histologic patterns were recognized: pattern A (solid lobules or masses), pattern B (trabecular or cord-like), pattern C (tubular or rosette-like) and pattern D (mixed). The apparently primary carcinoid tumors and the orbital or ocular metastases were closely related by their histologic patterns, histochemical staining characteristics, and ultrastructural features.
这项临床病理研究纳入了15例眼和眼眶类癌肿瘤病例。患者年龄范围为14岁至86岁（中位数为53岁）。未发现性别倾向。7例肿瘤累及眼眶，7例累及脉络膜，1例累及虹膜。12例类癌肿瘤的原发部位明确：7例源于支气管，1例源于气管，4例源于回肠。3例存在眼眶肿瘤，但临床上未发现其他已知的原发性肿瘤。术后随访时间为0至4年。在接受检测的10例患者中，有4例尿5-羟吲哚乙酸（5-HIAA）水平升高，其中每例均有已知的原发性肿瘤，2例有类癌综合征的临床证据。识别出4种主要组织学模式：模式A（实性小叶或肿块）、模式B（小梁状或条索状）、模式C（管状或玫瑰花结样）和模式D（混合性）。明显的原发性类癌肿瘤与眼眶或眼部转移瘤在组织学模式、组织化学染色特征和超微结构特征方面密切相关。
