Maeda K
J Hum Ergol (Tokyo). 1977 Dec;6(2):193-202.
Occupational cervicobrachial disorder often diagnosed as cervicobrachial syndrome, cervical syndrome, or thoracic outlet syndrome has been frequently noticed among workers of the offices and factories in Japan since about 1955. Based on the data of case reports and mass examinations, the prevalence and the causative factors of the disease are described. The factors provoking the disorder can be divided into two categories, i.e, the ways how the workers use the musculature and strain the nerous system and the conditions in which the job is organized into the work system and is controlled. Studies on bank note counting, copying-slips writing, machine sewing, and amplifier assembling work reveal that not only the high density of the task but also time factors such as long work spells and lack of voluntary rests are important in causation of the disorder. Results of health examinations of 117 female workers on a cigarette assembly line confirm a close relation between the clinical severity of the occupational disorder and the subjective complaints at work and at home. The manifestation of clinical symptoms depends on what kinds of the first category factors predominate, but the progress to severer cases is relevant to the work system hampering the recovery from chronic muscular and central fatigue.
自1955年左右以来，在日本的办公室和工厂工人中，经常能发现被诊断为颈臂综合征、颈部综合征或胸廓出口综合征的职业性颈臂疾病。基于病例报告和大规模检查的数据，描述了该疾病的患病率和致病因素。引发该疾病的因素可分为两类，即工人使用肌肉组织和使神经系统紧张的方式，以及工作组织到工作系统并受到控制的条件。对点钞、抄写凭单书写、机器缝纫和放大器组装工作的研究表明，不仅任务的高强度，而且长时间工作和缺乏自愿休息等时间因素在该疾病的病因中也很重要。对117名香烟装配线女工的健康检查结果证实，职业性疾病的临床严重程度与工作中和家中的主观症状之间存在密切关系。临床症状的表现取决于哪类第一类因素占主导，但病情发展到更严重的情况与阻碍慢性肌肉和中枢疲劳恢复的工作系统有关。
