Berkowitz F E
Ann Trop Paediatr. 1981 Dec;1(4):229-35. doi: 10.1080/02724936.1981.11748094.
Seventy-five black children from 0 to ten years old with pneumococcal bacteraemia, who were hospitalized during a one-year period, were studied retrospectively from case records. Half the children were under one year and 68% under two years of age. Sixty-seven per cent were malnourished, 34% severely so. The overall case-fatality-rate was 26.7% being highest in children presenting in autumn (52.4%) and in those with meningitis (54.5%), severe protein-calorie malnutrition (42.8%) or associated infections (61.5%). Host defences against the pneumococcus are discussed, especially in relation to their deficiencies in malnourished and young children. Special mention is made of early-onset neonatal sepsis due to the pneumococcus and of the association between pneumococcal bacteraemia and acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. This study indicates that pneumococcal bacteraemia is a serious infection in children, especially in those with malnutrition and other infections. In view of the emergence of penicillin-resistant strains, its treatment may become more difficult in the future.
对75名0至10岁患有肺炎球菌菌血症的黑人儿童进行了回顾性研究，这些儿童是在一年时间内住院治疗的，资料来源于病历记录。一半儿童年龄在1岁以下，68%在2岁以下。67%的儿童营养不良，其中34%为重度营养不良。总体病死率为26.7%，在秋季发病的儿童中病死率最高（52.4%），患有脑膜炎的儿童（54.5%）、严重蛋白质 - 热量营养不良的儿童（42.8%）或合并感染的儿童（61.5%）病死率也较高。文中讨论了机体对肺炎球菌的防御机制，尤其涉及营养不良儿童和幼儿防御机制的缺陷。特别提到了肺炎球菌引起的早发性新生儿败血症以及肺炎球菌菌血症与急性链球菌感染后肾小球肾炎之间的关联。这项研究表明，肺炎球菌菌血症在儿童中是一种严重感染，尤其是在伴有营养不良和其他感染的儿童中。鉴于耐青霉素菌株的出现，未来其治疗可能会变得更加困难。
