Ristow H, Paulus H
Eur J Biochem. 1982 Dec 15;129(2):395-401. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1982.tb07063.x.
Under conditions of severe nitrogen starvation, brought about by nutritional shift-down, Bacillus brevis ATCC 8185 was unable to sporulate unless supplemented with the peptide antibiotic tyrocidine. The induction of sporulation was highly specific for tyrocidine and required only very low concentrations of the peptide (5 microM). Tyrocidine-induced sporulation was accompanied by the typical sporulation-specific events (e.g. extracellular protease production and dipicolinate synthesis) as well as the formation of linear gramicidin. The addition of tyrocidine produced acute inhibition of RNA synthesis that was followed by a limited activation of transcription near the time of onset of linear gramicidin synthesis, when the first sporulation-specific changes were observed. These results provide direct evidence for a role of tyrocidine in sporulation of B. brevis and suggest that the action of the peptide antibiotic may involve the control of transcription. Such a notion is supported by earlier studies on the effects of tyrocidine and linear gramicidin on purified RNA polymerase.
在营养水平下调导致的严重氮饥饿条件下，短短芽孢杆菌ATCC 8185无法形成芽孢，除非添加肽抗生素短杆菌酪肽。芽孢形成的诱导对短杆菌酪肽具有高度特异性，并且只需要极低浓度的该肽（5微摩尔）。短杆菌酪肽诱导的芽孢形成伴随着典型的芽孢形成特异性事件（如细胞外蛋白酶产生和吡啶二羧酸合成）以及线性短杆菌肽的形成。添加短杆菌酪肽会导致RNA合成的急性抑制，随后在观察到第一个芽孢形成特异性变化时，即线性短杆菌肽合成开始时，转录会有有限的激活。这些结果为短杆菌酪肽在短短芽孢杆菌芽孢形成中的作用提供了直接证据，并表明肽抗生素的作用可能涉及转录控制。早期关于短杆菌酪肽和线性短杆菌肽对纯化RNA聚合酶影响的研究支持了这一观点。
