High molecular weight dextran--effect on adhesion formation and peritonitis in rats.

To evaluate the effect of 32% dextran 70 instillation on intra-abdominal adhesion formation and intestinal leaks, 100 animals were prospectively, randomly, and blindly treated with a sham laparotomy (n = 10), sham plus 5 ml dextran (10), intestinal abrasion plus 2 ml (20) or 5 ml (20) of dextran or saline, or intestinal division and anastomosis plus 2 ml (20) or 5 ml (20) of dextran or saline. Autopsies were performed on the animals without knowledge of treatment group at the time of death or sacrifice at 2 weeks. Adhesions were graded 0 to 3, anastomoses were examined for leaks, and the peritoneal cavity was searched for abscesses or peritonitis. Anastomosis produced more severe adhesions than abrasion. Dextran significantly (P greater than 0.01) reduced adhesion formation but resulted in peritonitis (5/40) rather than abscess (7/40) as seen with saline.