Purnell D M, Heatfield B M, Trump B F
Cancer Res. 1984 Jan;44(1):285-92.
The unlabeled antibody peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique was used to examine human malignant prostatic tissue (primary tumors) for the presence of prostate-specific antigen (PSA), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), nonspecific cross-reacting antigen (NCA), and beta-chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG). The results were compared to those obtained with normal and hyperplastic prostate tissue (BPH). All specimens of neoplastic, hyperplastic, and normal prostate tissue showed immunostaining reactions for PSA. Immunostaining for PSA was relatively uniform among samples of normal and BPH tissue, but variations with respect to intensity of PSA immunostaining were noted among prostate tumors as well as between the neoplastic cells of individual tumors. Some areas of normal or hyperplastic prostatic epithelium within tumors showed stronger staining reactions for PSA than the tumor cells themselves. Using an antiserum which was able to detect both NCA and CEA, it was found that 16 of 38 tumors (42%) had positive immunostaining reactions. Of these, 15 were subsequently shown to contain only NCA immunoreactivity, and 1 tumor had both NCA and CEA immunoreactivity. NCA, but not CEA, immunoreactivity was identified in hyperplastic prostate tissue within tumor specimens and in BPH specimens. Neither antigen was detected in normal prostatic epithelium. Three of 38 tumors (8%) were found to contain neoplastic cells with HCG immunoreactivity. HCG immunoreactivity was not identified in BPH or normal prostatic tissue. Therefore, HCG and CEA immunoreactivity appear to be tumor-associated antigens in prostate cancer which are expressed with a low incidence. The results of the study identified prostate tumors with different patterns of immunocytochemical markers: 22 of 38 tumors (58%) contained only PSA immunoreactivity; 13 of 38 tumors (34%) contained PSA and NCA immunoreactivity; 2 of 38 tumors (5%) were positive for PSA, NCA, and HCG immunoreactivity; and 1 of 38 tumors (3%) contained PSA, NCA, HCG, and CEA immunoreactivity. Apart from PSA, which was present in all tumors, the markers studied here appeared to be more frequently expressed in well-differentiated tumors than in less-differentiated tumors. Our results suggest the possibility of subclassifying prostate tumors by means of immunocytochemistry.
采用未标记抗体过氧化物酶 - 抗过氧化物酶技术检测人前列腺恶性组织（原发性肿瘤）中前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）、癌胚抗原（CEA）、非特异性交叉反应抗原（NCA）和β - 绒毛膜促性腺激素（HCG）的存在情况。将结果与正常和增生性前列腺组织（良性前列腺增生，BPH）的检测结果进行比较。所有肿瘤性、增生性和正常前列腺组织标本均显示出对PSA的免疫染色反应。在正常和BPH组织样本中，PSA的免疫染色相对均匀，但在前列腺肿瘤之间以及单个肿瘤的肿瘤细胞之间，PSA免疫染色强度存在差异。肿瘤内正常或增生性前列腺上皮的某些区域对PSA的染色反应比肿瘤细胞本身更强。使用能够检测NCA和CEA的抗血清发现，38个肿瘤中有16个（42%）有阳性免疫染色反应。其中，15个随后被证明仅含有NCA免疫反应性，1个肿瘤同时含有NCA和CEA免疫反应性。在肿瘤标本中的增生性前列腺组织和BPH标本中鉴定出NCA免疫反应性，但未鉴定出CEA免疫反应性。在正常前列腺上皮中未检测到这两种抗原。38个肿瘤中有3个（8%）被发现含有具有HCG免疫反应性的肿瘤细胞。在BPH或正常前列腺组织中未鉴定出HCG免疫反应性。因此，HCG和CEA免疫反应性似乎是前列腺癌中与肿瘤相关的抗原，其表达发生率较低。研究结果确定了具有不同免疫细胞化学标志物模式的前列腺肿瘤：38个肿瘤中有22个（58%）仅含有PSA免疫反应性；38个肿瘤中有13个（34%）含有PSA和NCA免疫反应性；38个肿瘤中有2个（5%）对PSA、NCA和HCG免疫反应性呈阳性；38个肿瘤中有1个（3%）含有PSA、NCA、HCG和CEA免疫反应性。除了所有肿瘤中都存在的PSA外，这里研究的标志物似乎在高分化肿瘤中比在低分化肿瘤中更频繁地表达。我们的结果表明通过免疫细胞化学对前列腺肿瘤进行亚分类的可能性。
