Fraser R A, Simpson J G
Ciba Found Symp. 1983;100:120-31. doi: 10.1002/9780470720813.ch8.
Although the morphological features of angiogenesis are well documented and many promoting factors are known, the pharmacological mechanisms for the development of new vessels are not understood. Compounds found in platelets and/or mast cells--adenosine diphosphate, 5-hydroxytryptamine, histamine and heparin--caused endothelial cell growth stimulation in vitro: tumour angiogenesis factor did not. These same vasoactive compounds, as well as tumour angiogenesis factor, induced neovascularization on the chick chorioallantoic membrane. The increased vascularity produced by tumour angiogenesis factor was associated with considerable numbers of mast cells. These findings, together with an appreciation of the biochemical armoury of the mast cell and how its products could relate to the morphological steps of angiogenesis, and a realization that known anti-angiogenesis factors could all act through inhibition of mast cell products, strongly implicate the mast cell in the inductive mechanisms of neovascularization.
尽管血管生成的形态学特征已有充分记载，并且已知许多促进因子，但新血管形成的药理学机制仍不清楚。在血小板和/或肥大细胞中发现的化合物——二磷酸腺苷、5-羟色胺、组胺和肝素——在体外可刺激内皮细胞生长：而肿瘤血管生成因子则不能。这些相同的血管活性化合物，以及肿瘤血管生成因子，可在鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜上诱导新血管形成。肿瘤血管生成因子所产生的血管增多与大量肥大细胞有关。这些发现，再加上对肥大细胞生化武器库及其产物如何与血管生成的形态学步骤相关的认识，以及认识到已知的抗血管生成因子都可能通过抑制肥大细胞产物起作用，有力地表明肥大细胞参与了新血管形成的诱导机制。
