Kohan M, Claxton L
Mutat Res. 1983 Dec;124(3-4):191-200. doi: 10.1016/0165-1218(83)90190-8.
The mutagenic activities of 1-nitropyrene (1-NP), 2,7-dinitrofluorenone (2,7-DNF), and a diesel-exhaust extract were compared using the Salmonella typhimurium plate-incorporation assay. Each sample was tested with and without a 9000 X g liver homogenate (S9), both with and without an NADPH-generating system. The samples were also treated with the microsome fraction of S9, cytosol fraction of S9, boiled S9, bovine serum albumin (BSA), and boiled BSA. Salmonella tester strains TA98 and TA98FR1 were used in all treatments; TA98/1,8DNP6 was used to test mutagenic activity without activation. Without the NADPH-generating system, the samples generally had less mutagenic activity than samples treated with the NADPH-generating system. The addition of the NADPH-generating system resulted in marked increases in mutagenic activity of 1-NP in the microsome and S9 treatments, and of all 3 samples in the cytosol fraction treatment. These results indicate that although protein binding reduced the mutagenic activity of diesel-exhaust extract and 1-NP, microsomal activation increased the mutagenic activity of 1-NP. Because 1-NP and 2,7-DNF contributed less than 1.5% of the mutagenic activity of the diesel-exhaust extract, the response to diesel exhaust was not typified by these compounds.
使用鼠伤寒沙门氏菌平板掺入试验比较了1-硝基芘（1-NP）、2,7-二硝基芴酮（2,7-DNF）和柴油废气提取物的致突变活性。每个样品在有和没有9000×g肝脏匀浆（S9）的情况下进行测试，同时有和没有NADPH生成系统。样品还用S9的微粒体部分、S9的胞质溶胶部分、煮沸的S9、牛血清白蛋白（BSA）和煮沸的BSA处理。所有处理均使用沙门氏菌测试菌株TA98和TA98FR1；TA98/1,8DNP6用于测试无激活时的致突变活性。在没有NADPH生成系统的情况下，样品的致突变活性通常低于用NADPH生成系统处理的样品。添加NADPH生成系统导致微粒体和S9处理中1-NP的致突变活性显著增加，以及胞质溶胶部分处理中所有3个样品的致突变活性显著增加。这些结果表明，虽然蛋白质结合降低了柴油废气提取物和1-NP的致突变活性，但微粒体激活增加了1-NP的致突变活性。由于1-NP和2,7-DNF对柴油废气提取物致突变活性的贡献小于1.5%，这些化合物不能代表对柴油废气的反应。
