Cameron D L, Tu A T
Biochim Biophys Acta. 1978 Jan 25;532(1):147-54. doi: 10.1016/0005-2795(78)90457-9.
Myonecrosis is a serious result of rattlesnake bite and constitutes a persistent clinical problem. In the current study we have isolated crotamine from the venom of Crotalus durissus terrificus to test its ability to cause structural damage to skeletal muscle, and to make direct chemical comparisons with Myotoxin a, a myotoxic polypeptide we recently isolated from prairie rattlesnake (Crotalus viridis viridis) venom. Disc gel electrophoresis, isoelectric focusing, circular dichroic spectroscopy, and amino acid analysis, all indicated a high degree of chemical similarity. Light microscope histology revealed that crotamine caused vacuolizationof skeletal muscle fibers, qualitatively the same as the vacuolization caused by Myotoxin a. The ability of these two basic snake venom polypeptides to cause structural damage to skeletal muscle fibers has significant implications toward more complete understanding of the cause of snake venom-induced myonecrosis.
肌坏死是响尾蛇咬伤的严重后果，也是一个持续存在的临床问题。在本研究中，我们从三色矛头蝮蛇毒中分离出了响尾蛇胺，以测试其对骨骼肌造成结构损伤的能力，并与肌毒素a进行直接化学比较，肌毒素a是我们最近从草原响尾蛇（绿响尾蛇）毒液中分离出的一种肌毒性多肽。圆盘凝胶电泳、等电聚焦、圆二色光谱和氨基酸分析均表明两者在化学上具有高度相似性。光学显微镜组织学显示，响尾蛇胺可导致骨骼肌纤维空泡化，这与肌毒素a引起的空泡化在性质上相同。这两种碱性蛇毒多肽对骨骼肌纤维造成结构损伤的能力，对于更全面地理解蛇毒诱导肌坏死的原因具有重要意义。
