Lee M C
Postgrad Med. 1984 May 15;75(7):139-41, 144-6. doi: 10.1080/00325481.1984.11698624.
The pathophysiologic mechanisms of spasmodic torticollis and other idiopathic torsion dystonias remain unknown. Thus, a variety of drugs have been used alone or in combination on an empirical basis to treat these disorders, but to date none have efficacy that is proven and consistent. The drugs in use include anti-cholinergics, benzodiazepines, dopaminergics , and neuroleptics. The variable responses that have been observed are due in part to the heterogeneous nature of these disorders. Trial of several agents or combinations of agents may be necessary before symptoms are satisfactorily controlled. Only when a patient's symptoms are refractory to all medical treatment should he or she be considered a candidate for neurosurgical procedures.
痉挛性斜颈和其他特发性扭转性肌张力障碍的病理生理机制尚不清楚。因此，人们根据经验单独或联合使用了多种药物来治疗这些疾病，但迄今为止，尚无一种药物具有经证实的、一致的疗效。正在使用的药物包括抗胆碱能药、苯二氮䓬类药物、多巴胺能药物和抗精神病药物。观察到的不同反应部分归因于这些疾病的异质性。在症状得到满意控制之前，可能需要试用几种药物或药物组合。只有当患者的症状对所有药物治疗均无效时，才应考虑将其作为神经外科手术的候选对象。
