Courchesne E, Kilman B A, Galambos R, Lincoln A J
Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1984 Jun;59(3):238-48. doi: 10.1016/0168-5597(84)90063-7.
Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) of 13-21-year-old autistic subjects and age-matched controls were elicited by auditory stimuli in a variation of orienting response paradigms. Unexpected, novel sounds (bizarre concoctions of human, mechanical and computer sounds) were randomly inserted as probes in a sequence of expected, non-novel sounds (the word 'me'). In order to help ensure that both subject groups were attending to this stream of information, each subject was required to press a button to a specified target sound (the word 'you') also randomly inserted in the sequence of expected non-novel sounds. The ERP results showed that in both groups, unexpected, novel probes and also targets evoked a different neurophysiological response than did expected, non-novel sounds. This suggests that the autistic group did not misperceive novel information as non-novel and were able to make simple classification decisions as accurately as normal controls. However, in the autistic group, there may be less 'processing' of the novel probes and of targets: compared to the control group, the autistic group had smaller amplitudes of two long-latency components to novels and smaller P3b amplitudes to targets. The two components to novels were termed A/Pcz/300 (A = auditory; P = positive; cz = electrode site of maximum amplitude; 300 = latency in msec) and A/Ncz/800. In another sequence of sounds, subjects simply listened to frequently presented 'me' sounds (90%) and infrequently presented 'you' sounds (10%). In this no-task condition, no differences between autistic and normal control subjects were found.
在多种定向反应范式中，通过听觉刺激诱发了13至21岁自闭症受试者和年龄匹配的对照组的事件相关脑电位（ERP）。意外的新声音（人类、机械和计算机声音的奇异混合）作为探测音被随机插入到一系列预期的、非新的声音（单词“me”）中。为了确保两组受试者都关注这一信息流，要求每个受试者在预期的非新声音序列中随机插入的特定目标声音（单词“you”）出现时按下按钮。ERP结果表明，在两组中，意外的新探测音和目标音引发的神经生理反应与预期的非新声音不同。这表明自闭症组不会将新信息误感知为非新信息，并且能够像正常对照组一样准确地做出简单的分类决策。然而，在自闭症组中，对新探测音和目标音的“处理”可能较少：与对照组相比，自闭症组对新声音的两个长潜伏期成分的波幅较小，对目标音的P3b波幅较小。对新声音的这两个成分分别称为A/Pcz/300（A = 听觉；P = 正向；cz = 最大波幅的电极部位；300 = 潜伏期，单位为毫秒）和A/Ncz/800。在另一组声音序列中，受试者只需聆听频繁出现的“me”音（90%）和偶尔出现的“you”音（10%）。在这种无任务条件下，未发现自闭症受试者与正常对照组之间存在差异。
