Graduate Program for Neuroscience, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2018 Apr;87:106-117. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.01.008. Epub 2018 Feb 20.
A number of past studies have used mismatch negativity (MMN) to identify auditory processing deficits in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Our meta-analysis compared MMN responses for individuals with ASD and typically developing controls (TD). We analyzed 67 experiments across 22 publications that employed passive, auditory-based MMN paradigms with ASD and TD participants. Most studies lacked design characteristics that would lead to an accurate description of the MMN. Variability between experiments measuring MMN amplitude was smaller when limited to studies that counterbalanced stimuli. Reduced MMN amplitude was found among young children with ASD compared to controls and in experiments that used nonspeech sounds. Still, few studies included adolescents or those with below-average verbal IQ. Most studies suffered from small sample sizes, and aggregating these data did not reveal significant group differences. This analysis points to a need for research focused specifically on understudied ASD samples using carefully designed MMN experiments. Study of individual differences in MMN may provide further insights into distinct subgroups within the heterogeneous ASD population.
许多过去的研究都使用失匹配负波（MMN）来识别自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）个体的听觉处理缺陷。我们的荟萃分析比较了 ASD 患者和典型发育对照组（TD）的 MMN 反应。我们分析了 22 篇论文中的 67 个实验，这些实验采用了被动的、基于听觉的 MMN 范式，参与者为 ASD 和 TD。大多数研究缺乏能够准确描述 MMN 的设计特征。当仅限于对刺激进行平衡的研究时，测量 MMN 幅度的实验之间的变异性较小。与对照组相比，患有 ASD 的幼儿以及使用非言语声音的实验中，MMN 幅度降低。尽管如此，很少有研究包括青少年或言语智商低于平均水平的人。大多数研究的样本量都很小，汇总这些数据并没有显示出显著的组间差异。这项分析表明，需要针对使用精心设计的 MMN 实验的研究对象进行具体的研究，这些研究对象在 ASD 样本中研究不足。对 MMN 个体差异的研究可能会进一步深入了解异质 ASD 人群中的不同亚组。
