Mason S M, Mellor D H
Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1984 Jul;59(4):297-309. doi: 10.1016/0168-5597(84)90047-9.
The topography of the brain-stem (ABR), middle latency (MLR) and cortical (ACR) evoked responses was investigated in children with normal speech and language development and those with either a language or motor speech disorder. The aim was to determine whether it is possible to discriminate between the groups of children in terms of the evoked potential characteristics. There were significant inter-group differences, particularly relating to the amplitude of the different responses. The ABR in both the language and motor speech groups exhibited smaller amplitudes for waves I, III and V than the control group, with no change in latency. Two explanations were suggested; firstly abnormal functioning of the peripheral hearing mechanism even though the hearing thresholds were normal which could be a secondary effect due to deprivation of normal speech and language development; and secondly far-field recording effects due to differences in the electrical conductivity of tissue and the distance separating the generator site and recording electrodes. The MLR in the motor speech group was significantly larger at the mastoid and temporal electrode sites than either the control or language groups. This was considered to be an enhanced myogenic response like the other exaggerated brain-stem reflexes seen in congenital suprabulbar paresis. Significantly larger amplitudes of the ACR were also recorded from the motor speech group at the Cz electrode site. This was thought to be due to underactivity of some normal cortical inhibitory system and not a direct result of increased MLR amplitude. The ACR in the language disordered children exhibited an abnormal left temporal hemispheric dominance and a more inverted or 'dissimilar' wave form at the T3 electrode site on the correlation analysis. These findings suggest impaired functioning of the left temporal cortex in our children who have failed to develop language normally. We feel that this has more significance for the language abnormality than the low amplitude ABRs which were observed in both the language and motor speech disordered children.
对言语和语言发育正常的儿童以及患有语言或运动性言语障碍的儿童的脑干听觉诱发电位（ABR）、中潜伏期反应（MLR）和皮质听觉诱发电位（ACR）的地形图进行了研究。目的是确定是否能够根据诱发电位特征区分这两组儿童。组间存在显著差异，特别是在不同反应波的幅度方面。语言组和运动性言语组的ABR中，I、III和V波的幅度均小于对照组，潜伏期无变化。提出了两种解释：一是尽管听力阈值正常，但外周听觉机制功能异常，这可能是由于正常言语和语言发育剥夺所致的继发效应；二是由于组织电导率以及发生器部位与记录电极之间距离的差异导致的远场记录效应。运动性言语组在乳突和颞电极部位的MLR明显大于对照组或语言组。这被认为是一种增强的肌源性反应，类似于先天性球上性麻痹中出现的其他夸张的脑干反射。在运动性言语组的Cz电极部位也记录到ACR的幅度明显更大。这被认为是由于一些正常皮质抑制系统活动不足，而不是MLR幅度增加的直接结果。在相关性分析中，语言障碍儿童的ACR在左颞半球表现出异常优势，并且在T3电极部位的波形更倒置或“不同”。这些发现表明，我们研究中未能正常发育语言的儿童左颞叶皮质功能受损。我们认为，这对于语言异常的意义比在语言和运动性言语障碍儿童中均观察到的低幅度ABR更大。
