Klein R J, Friedman-Kien A E
J Invest Dermatol. 1984 Nov;83(5):344-6. doi: 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12264450.
The effect of several antiviral drugs on the reactivation of herpes simplex virus type 1 in explant cultures of latently infected mouse trigeminal ganglia was investigated. Phosphonoacetate and phosphonoformate, which act directly on the virus-induced DNA polymerase, require a drug concentration of 400 micrograms/ml for the inhibition of virus reactivation in latently infected ganglia. Arabinosyladenine and arabinosyladenine monophosphate, which are phosphorylated to triphosphates by cellular enzymes and inhibit virus synthesis either by blocking the DNA polymerase or by incorporation into viral DNA, require a concentration of only 100 micrograms/ml for the inhibition of the reactivation process. Drugs that are phosphorylated by the virus-induced thymidine kinase, such as acyclovir, arabinosylthymine, bromovinyldeoxyuridine, and three fluorinated pyrimidine nucleosides require the lowest drug concentrations for complete inhibition of virus reactivation in latently infected ganglia explant cultures. Our data suggest that the inhibition of virus reactivation is dependent not only on drug concentration, but also on the number of latently infected neurons in the ganglia.
研究了几种抗病毒药物对潜伏感染小鼠三叉神经节外植体培养物中单纯疱疹病毒1型再激活的影响。膦甲酸和膦乙酸直接作用于病毒诱导的DNA聚合酶，在潜伏感染的神经节中抑制病毒再激活需要400微克/毫升的药物浓度。阿糖腺苷和单磷酸阿糖腺苷通过细胞酶磷酸化为三磷酸形式，并通过阻断DNA聚合酶或掺入病毒DNA来抑制病毒合成，抑制再激活过程仅需100微克/毫升的浓度。由病毒诱导的胸苷激酶磷酸化的药物，如阿昔洛韦、阿糖胸苷、溴乙烯脱氧尿苷和三种氟化嘧啶核苷，在潜伏感染的神经节外植体培养物中完全抑制病毒再激活所需的药物浓度最低。我们的数据表明，病毒再激活的抑制不仅取决于药物浓度，还取决于神经节中潜伏感染神经元的数量。
