Gamse R
Arzneimittelforschung. 1984;34(9A):1074-9.
The neuropeptide substance P is considered a transmitter candidate of central and peripheral neurons, particularly of small diameter sensory afferents. Electrical stimulation of these fibers leads to release of substance P from the spinal cord. Since substance P injected intrathecally causes pain behaviour and since substance antagonists inhibit reactions to nociceptive stimuli, substance P is a likely transmitter of a population of nociceptive C-fibers. Release of substance P from the peripheral endings of these fibers leads to neurogenic inflammation, i.e. vasodilatation and protein extravasation. In the skin and eye substance P is involved in inflammatory reactions following thermal and chemical injuries. Similarly, stimulation of substance P fibers of the respiratory tract by various irritants causes mucosal edema and, at least in the guinea pig, also bronchoconstriction. Substance P antagonists inhibit neurogenic inflammation in animal experiments and may, applied topically, gain therapeutic value.
神经肽P物质被认为是中枢和外周神经元，尤其是小直径感觉传入神经的一种潜在递质。对这些纤维进行电刺激会导致脊髓释放P物质。由于鞘内注射P物质会引发疼痛行为，且P物质拮抗剂会抑制对伤害性刺激的反应，所以P物质很可能是一群伤害性C纤维的递质。这些纤维外周末梢释放P物质会导致神经源性炎症，即血管舒张和蛋白质外渗。在皮肤和眼睛中，P物质参与热损伤和化学损伤后的炎症反应。同样，各种刺激物刺激呼吸道的P物质纤维会导致黏膜水肿，至少在豚鼠中还会引起支气管收缩。在动物实验中，P物质拮抗剂可抑制神经源性炎症，局部应用可能具有治疗价值。
