Tkacheva G A
Med Radiol (Mosk). 1984 Nov;29(11):6-9.
An analysis of the diagnosis accuracy of malignant gastric, rectal, liver and prostatic tumors was performed with relation to the sensitivity and specificity of radioimmunological and immunoenzyme commercial kits of reagents manufactured by different companies and used to determine the concentration of the carcinoembryonic antigen, alpha-fetoprotein and acid phosphatase of the prostate. With an increase of the test specificity its diagnostic sensitivity decreases, i.e. the percentage of false-negative results increases. The use of highly specific monoclonal antibodies in serological tests results in a marked decrease of the accuracy of tumor diagnosis. The author thinks it necessary to strictly determine indications for the use of the serological and immunodiagnostic kits: for the identification of risk populations, early diagnosis of tumors, differential diagnosis or the monitoring of patients.
对恶性胃、直肠、肝脏和前列腺肿瘤的诊断准确性进行了分析，涉及不同公司生产的用于测定癌胚抗原、甲胎蛋白和前列腺酸性磷酸酶浓度的放射免疫和免疫酶商用试剂盒的敏感性和特异性。随着检测特异性的提高，其诊断敏感性降低，即假阴性结果的百分比增加。在血清学检测中使用高特异性单克隆抗体导致肿瘤诊断准确性显著下降。作者认为有必要严格确定血清学和免疫诊断试剂盒的使用指征：用于识别高危人群、肿瘤的早期诊断、鉴别诊断或患者监测。
