Lawrie G M, Griffin J C, Wyndham C R
Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1984 Nov;7(6 Pt 2):1370-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-8159.1984.tb05710.x.
The automatic implantable defibrillator is a valuable addition to the management of certain patients with ventricular tachycardia and/or fibrillation. The original technique required placement of two transvenous electrodes and an epicardial electrode via a left thoracotomy. We have successfully developed an all-epicardial approach using a left subcostal thoracotomy. Previous experience with epicardial pacemaker implantation by this approach suggested it would be a good technique for implantation of the automatic defibrillator. Early results with this approach have encouraged its continued use.
