Rasmussen J E
Pediatr Dermatol. 1984 Jul;2(1):74-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1525-1470.1984.tb00447.x.
Head lice commonly evoke feelings of disgust, revulsion, anger, and shame among parents and patients. There should, however, be no great cause for such alarm if a physician suspects pediculosis capitis. The recent introduction of several new pediculicidal drugs now allows a choice among four distinct therapeutic agents, which should substantially improve control of isolated cases and epidemics. Physicians must be aware that consumer groups are pressing public health authorities and drug manufacturers to establish proper treatment standards and safety warnings for the use of these agents. In addition, some controversy surrounds the use of lindane in children. This paper reviews the epidemiology and clinical appearance of pediculosis capitis in children, with emphasis on these recent developments. Pubic lice (Phthirus pubis) and body lice (Pediculus humanus corporis), both of which are much less common pediatric infestations, are mentioned only briefly.
头虱通常会引起家长和患者的厌恶、反感、愤怒和羞耻感。然而，如果医生怀疑是头虱病，其实没有太大必要如此惊慌。最近几种新型杀虱药物的出现，使得现在有四种不同的治疗药物可供选择，这应该能大大改善对散发病例和流行病例的控制。医生必须意识到，消费者团体正在向公共卫生当局和药品制造商施压，要求为这些药物的使用制定适当的治疗标准和安全警告。此外，关于在儿童中使用林丹存在一些争议。本文回顾了儿童头虱病的流行病学和临床表现，重点关注这些最新进展。阴虱（耻阴虱）和体虱（人体虱）在儿科感染中不太常见，仅作简要提及。
