Scott E A, Chaffee A, Eyster G E, Kneller S K
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1978 Feb 1;172(3):347-50.
Two foals with a history of normalcy at birth developed a lack of exercise tolerance and weakness in the first few days of life. Weakness, inability to rise, and reluctance to suckle were common complaints. Physical examination of both foals revealed a cardiovascular abnormality, with a loud systolic murmur audible over both thoracic walls. Additional diagnostic techniques were blood gas analysis, radiography, cardiovascular catheterization, and necropsy. Necropsy findings were ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, and congenital absence of the aortic arch. Additionally, 1 foal had anomalous drainage of the cranial vena cava into the left atrium.
