Gans D P, Flexer C
Ear Hear. 1982 Nov-Dec;3(6):309-13. doi: 10.1097/00003446-198211000-00004.
Observer bias was investigated using 27 profoundly involved multiply handicapped children and behavioral observation audiometry. Two observers were in the room with the child, two others viewed via a video monitor, and each of the four observers had full knowledge of stimulus-type and intensity. Two additional observers viewed a videotape without being provided information about the stimuli. Results showed clear bias effects in 85% of the children. At low intensities, observers aware of stimulus events tended to score fewer responses than those judges unaware of stimulus intensity. At high levels, this trend was reversed. It is recommended that the estimation of hearing threshold in handicapped children be made by observers who do not have access to the sequence of stimulus presentations.
利用27名重度多重残疾儿童和行为观察听力测定法对观察者偏差进行了研究。两名观察者与儿童在同一房间，另外两名通过视频监视器观察，四名观察者都完全知晓刺激类型和强度。另外两名观察者观看录像带，但未被告知有关刺激的信息。结果显示，85%的儿童存在明显的偏差效应。在低强度时，知晓刺激事件的观察者给出的反应得分往往比不知晓刺激强度的评判者要少。在高强度时，这种趋势则相反。建议由无法得知刺激呈现顺序的观察者来评估残疾儿童的听力阈值。
