Gigerenzer G, Strube G
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 1983 Feb;9(1):126-36. doi: 10.1037//0096-1523.9.1.126.
In recent years there has been notable interest in additive models of sensory integration. Binaural additivity has emerged as a main hypothesis in the loudness-scaling literature and has recently been asserted by authors using an axiomatic approach to psychophysics. Restrictions of the range of stimuli used in the majority of former experiments, and inherent weaknesses of the axiomatic study by Levelt, Riemersma, and Bunt (1972) are discussed as providing reasons for the present investigation. A limited binaural additivity (LBA) model is proposed that assumes contralateral binaural inhibition for interaural intensity differences that exceed a critical level. Experimental data are reported for 12 subjects in a loudness-matching task designed to test the axioms of cancellation and of commutativity, both necessary to the existence of strict binaural additivity. In a 2 X 2 design, frequencies of 200 Hz and 2 kHz were used, and mean intensity levels were 20 dB apart. Additivity was found violated in 33 out of 48 possible tests. The LBA model is shown to predict the systematic nonadditivity in the loudness judgments and to conform to results from other studies.
近年来，人们对感觉整合的加法模型产生了显著兴趣。双耳相加性已成为响度标度文献中的一个主要假设，最近有作者采用公理化方法进行心理物理学研究时也断言了这一点。本文讨论了大多数先前实验中所用刺激范围的限制以及莱尔特、里默斯马和邦特（1972年）公理化研究的内在缺陷，认为这些是进行本研究的原因。本文提出了一个有限双耳相加性（LBA）模型，该模型假定对于超过临界水平的双耳强度差异存在对侧双耳抑制。本文报告了12名受试者在一个响度匹配任务中的实验数据，该任务旨在测试抵消公理和交换律公理，这两个公理对于严格双耳相加性的存在都是必要的。在一个2×2设计中，使用了200赫兹和2千赫兹的频率，平均强度水平相差20分贝。在48个可能的测试中，有33个测试发现相加性不成立。结果表明，LBA模型能够预测响度判断中的系统性非相加性，并与其他研究结果相符。
