Schneider B A, Cohen A J
Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Mississauga, ON, Canada.
Percept Psychophys. 1997 Jul;59(5):655-64. doi: 10.3758/bf03206013.
Thirty-six different binaural noises were formed by crossing six right-ear intensities of a broadband noise with the same six intensities in the left ear in a 6 X 6 factorial design. Children (6-7 years of age) and adults were presented with 2 of these 36 binaural noises on a trial and asked to indicate which noise was louder. In Experiment 1, the left- and right-ear noises were in phase and differed only in intensity. In Experiment 2, the left- and right-ear noises were in opposite phase. For both the children and adults in Experiments 1 and 2, the paired comparison judgments of binaural loudness were shown to satisfy the testable axioms of conjoint measurement (transitivity and double cancellation), permitting the determination of interval scales of loudness for the left ear, right ear, and the sum of the two ears. Power functions provided a good description of the relation between loudness and sound pressure for the left and right ears of both children and adults. For both adults and children, an examination of the pattern of differences in judgments between Experiments 1 and 2 indicated that, when the noises were in phase, the contribution of the right ear to fused loudness was greater than when the noises were presented in counterphase.
通过在6×6析因设计中，将宽带噪声的六种右耳强度与左耳相同的六种强度交叉组合，形成了36种不同的双耳噪声。在每次试验中，向儿童（6至7岁）和成人呈现这36种双耳噪声中的两种，并要求他们指出哪种噪声更响亮。在实验1中，左耳和右耳的噪声同相，仅强度不同。在实验2中，左耳和右耳的噪声反相。在实验1和实验2中，无论是儿童还是成人，双耳响度的配对比较判断都满足联合测量的可检验公理（传递性和双重抵消），从而可以确定左耳、右耳以及双耳总和的响度区间量表。幂函数很好地描述了儿童和成人左耳和右耳响度与声压之间的关系。对于成人和儿童来说，对实验1和实验2之间判断差异模式的研究表明，当噪声同相时，右耳对融合响度的贡献大于噪声反相时。
