Demedts M, Zidulka A, Anthonisen N R
Respiration. 1978;35(2):108-14. doi: 10.1159/000193866.
The right lower lobes (RLL) of intact horizontal dogs were obstructed at FRC during spontaneous breathing and artificial ventilation (IPPB). At end inspiration, pressure within the RLL became less than tracheal pressure, and pressure in the lower esophagus declined to a greater extent than in the upper esophagus. Tidal pressure swings in the obstructed RLL were larger than in the esophagus during spontaneous breathing but smaller during IPPB implying that the elastic recoil of the RLL decreased during inspiration at the mediastinal side. All these changes were intensified during RLL atelectasis and counteracted by strapping of the lower chest wall. These results indicate that: (a) around a lobe moving out of phase with the rest of the lung, a force is created tending to minimize the lobar volume differences; (b) the obstructed lobe is deformed during inflation of the rest of the lung; (c) esophageal (and hence pleural) pressure gradient is modified by this localized intrapulmonary pathology apparently due to shape interactions between chest wall and lung.
在自主呼吸和人工通气（间歇性正压通气）过程中，处于功能残气量（FRC）的正常水平卧位犬的右下叶（RLL）被阻塞。在吸气末，右下叶内的压力低于气管压力，并且下食管内的压力下降幅度大于上食管。在自主呼吸时，阻塞的右下叶中的潮气量压力波动大于食管，但在间歇性正压通气时则较小，这意味着右下叶在纵隔侧吸气时的弹性回缩力降低。在右下叶肺不张期间，所有这些变化都会加剧，并通过束缚下胸壁来抵消。这些结果表明：（a）在与肺的其余部分不同步运动的肺叶周围，会产生一种力，倾向于使肺叶体积差异最小化；（b）在肺的其余部分充气时，阻塞的肺叶会变形；（c）这种局部肺内病变显然通过胸壁和肺之间的形状相互作用改变了食管（进而胸膜）压力梯度。
