Reswick J B
Med Prog Technol. 1983;9(4):209-15.
Rehabilitation engineering emphasizes the application of the physical, medical, allied health and social sciences to ameliorate the handicaps of persons with disabilities. A handicap is the consequence of a disability that interferes with a person's life goals in daily living, vocation, avocation and recreation. The degree of a handicap depends on the interaction of a disability and a particular environment as well as on the nature of the life goals of persons with a disability. Thus, technology can reduce a handicap by overcoming functional barriers, but it may increase a handicap by raising a person's life goals to a level that cannot yet technically be achieved, or if developed, effectively delivered. The design-development-production process and the special problems inherent in the development and distribution of technical devices for handicapped persons are discussed. The dependence of the service-delivery system on adequate information and effective evaluation of devices in meeting the needs of handicapped persons is critically examined. Recommendations to overcome barriers that interfere with the availability of the products of technology for persons with disabilities are presented. A description of research areas of technology for the handicapped is also presented.
康复工程强调应用物理、医学、相关健康及社会科学来改善残疾人的残疾状况。残疾状况是残疾导致的结果，它会干扰一个人在日常生活、职业、业余爱好及娱乐方面的生活目标。残疾状况的严重程度取决于残疾与特定环境之间的相互作用，以及残疾人生活目标的性质。因此，技术可以通过克服功能障碍来减轻残疾状况，但也可能因将一个人的生活目标提升到技术上尚未能实现的水平，或者即便开发出来但未能有效提供而加重残疾状况。文中讨论了设计 - 开发 - 生产过程以及为残疾人开发和分发技术设备所固有的特殊问题。批判性地审视了服务提供系统对充足信息及对设备满足残疾人需求的有效评估的依赖。提出了克服那些妨碍为残疾人提供技术产品的障碍的建议。还介绍了针对残疾人的技术研究领域。
