Scharf S M, Gardsbane A
Respiration. 1984;45(1):26-34. doi: 10.1159/000194593.
In 12 anesthetized mongrel dogs the changes in movements of the rib cage (RC) and abdomen (ABD) were studied during inspiratory loading for 15 min. Tracheal (Pm) and transdiaphragmatic (Pdi) pressures increased to 60-65% of their maxima and were maintained for the 15-min period of loading. Analysis of the EMGs of the diaphragm and intercostals revealed approximately equal recruitment of both these muscle groups. Two types of breathing patterns were observed: (1) abdominal, or normal (9/12 dogs), in which the ABD moved outward during inspiration, and (2) rib cage (3/12 dogs) in which the RC moved outward and the ABD inward during inspiration. The latter were those in whom the ratio of RC width to length was the greatest, and the RC was, presumably, able to resist deformation during inspiration. In most of the abdominal (normal) breathers two phases of RC motion could be seen an initial phase which was either outward or inward, and a final, early expiratory, phase of outward motion. The data indicate that the initial phase of RC motion is influenced by the relative compliance of the RC and ABD, while the final phase relates to the respiratory system rebounding to its relaxation configuration at the onset of respiration.
在12只麻醉的杂种犬中，研究了在吸气负荷15分钟期间胸廓（RC）和腹部（ABD）运动的变化。气管压力（Pm）和跨膈压力（Pdi）增加到其最大值的60 - 65%，并在15分钟的负荷期内保持。对膈肌和肋间肌肌电图的分析显示，这两组肌肉的募集大致相等。观察到两种呼吸模式：（1）腹部呼吸，即正常呼吸（9/12只犬），吸气时ABD向外移动；（2）胸廓呼吸（3/12只犬），吸气时RC向外移动而ABD向内移动。后者是RC宽度与长度之比最大的犬，推测RC在吸气时能够抵抗变形。在大多数腹部（正常）呼吸者中，可以看到RC运动的两个阶段：一个初始阶段，其方向可以是向外或向内，以及一个最终的、呼气早期的向外运动阶段。数据表明，RC运动的初始阶段受RC和ABD相对顺应性的影响，而最终阶段与呼吸系统在呼吸开始时反弹至其松弛状态有关。
