Sampson M G, De Troyer A
J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1982 Mar;52(3):517-23. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1982.52.3.517.
We studied the patterns of rib cage (RC) deformation in six normal subjects breathing against different resistive and elastic inspiratory loads, and we examined, with concentric needle electrodes, the role played by the inspiratory intercostal muscles in the development of these patterns. Four of the subjects deformed their RC to a more elliptical shape during loaded inspirations; RC anteroposterior diameter became smaller and RC lateral diameter became larger. The RC deformation increased as the load increased, but it appeared to be independent of the nature of the load. Moreover these deformations were associated with a marked increase in the inspiratory activity of the intercostals situated in the lateral parts of the RC and a striking diminution of the activity in the parasternal area. On the other hand, two subjects invariably breathed along their RC relaxation characteristic, and they showed an increased inspiratory activity in all regions of the intercostal musculature. These findings indicate that 1) the pattern of RC deformation during loaded inspirations is closely related to the activity and coordination of the various inspiratory intercostal muscles, and 2) the parasternal intercostals are not necessarily representative of all the inspiratory intercostals. They are also strong evidence against the concept that the parasternal intercostal electrical activity normally recorded during quiet breathing is an excitatory reflex activity.
我们研究了六名正常受试者在对抗不同阻力和弹性吸气负荷呼吸时胸廓（RC）的变形模式，并使用同心针电极检查了吸气肋间肌在这些模式形成中所起的作用。其中四名受试者在负荷吸气时将其胸廓变形为更椭圆的形状；胸廓前后径变小，胸廓横径变大。胸廓变形随负荷增加而增加，但似乎与负荷的性质无关。此外，这些变形与位于胸廓外侧部分的肋间肌吸气活动显著增加以及胸骨旁区域活动明显减少有关。另一方面，两名受试者始终按照其胸廓松弛特征呼吸，并且他们在肋间肌的所有区域均表现出吸气活动增加。这些发现表明：1）负荷吸气时胸廓变形模式与各种吸气肋间肌的活动和协调密切相关；2）胸骨旁肋间肌不一定代表所有吸气肋间肌。它们也有力地反驳了在安静呼吸时通常记录到的胸骨旁肋间肌电活动是一种兴奋性反射活动的概念。
