Beurey J, Barthelme D, Eich D, Weber M
Phlebologie. 1983 Oct-Dec;36(4):321-7.
Hyperpigmentation of the lower limbs does not always reflect a phlebological abnormality. The authors briefly recall other pathological circumstances which result in cutaneous hyperpigmentation : cutaneous porphyria (hyperpigmentation of the exposed parts), malignant melanoma, Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis (café-au-lait spots and naevo-cellular naevi), pigmented dermatoses (lichen planus), fixed pigmented toxidermias, drug induced hyperpigmentations (minocyne, synthetic anti-malarials which can provoke the development of large areas of greyish coloured s in), reticular "hot water bottle" dermatitis and malingering syndromes.
下肢色素沉着并不总是反映静脉系统异常。作者简要回顾了导致皮肤色素沉着的其他病理情况：皮肤卟啉病（暴露部位色素沉着）、恶性黑色素瘤、冯雷克林霍增氏神经纤维瘤病（牛奶咖啡斑和痣细胞痣）、色素性皮肤病（扁平苔藓）、固定性色素性中毒性皮炎、药物性色素沉着（米诺环素、可引发大面积灰色色素沉着的合成抗疟药）、网状“热水袋”皮炎和诈病综合征。
