Spinal orthoses.

Cervical and lumbar dysfunction are frequent causes of neck and low back pain. The biomechanics and kinesiology of the spinal column determine the type of orthosis appropriate for the patient. Lumbar orthoses consist of corsets and braces. Corsets increase intra-abdominal pressure, reducing stresses on the lumbar spine. Braces reduce mobility. Simple cervical collars do not significantly reduce vertebral motion, so that more complex orthoses are required for cervical instability.