Block P C
Am J Cardiol. 1984 Jun 15;53(12):69C-71C. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(84)90750-1.
Experimental studies of transluminal angioplasty in atherosclerotic animal models as well as in human postmortem arteries all have shown that splitting of the atheromatous plaque occurs during angioplasty. Histologic sections of human arteries that were studied after successful angioplasty done in vivo also have shown splitting of the atheromatous plaque. The split may extend down to the internal elastic membrane. As the angioplasty balloon becomes fully inflated, the elastic media and adventitia stretch to conform to the outer diameter of the expanded balloon. Damage to medial cells may occur and may be important in keeping the artery dilated after the balloon is deflated and withdrawn. The "healing" process of the atheromatous plaque after angioplasty is poorly understood. Whether there is metabolic dissolution of atheromatous material or whether there is fibrous retraction of the atheromatous plaque against the dilated arterial wall is not known. Further studies are needed to elucidate the late changes after angioplasty.
在动脉粥样硬化动物模型以及人类尸体动脉中进行的经腔血管成形术实验研究均表明，在血管成形术过程中会出现动脉粥样斑块的裂开。对在体内成功进行血管成形术后的人类动脉进行组织学切片检查，也显示出动脉粥样斑块的裂开。这种裂开可能会延伸至内弹性膜。当血管成形术球囊完全膨胀时，弹性中膜和外膜会伸展以适应膨胀后球囊的外径。中膜细胞可能会受到损伤，这对于球囊放气并抽出后保持动脉扩张可能很重要。血管成形术后动脉粥样斑块的“愈合”过程尚不清楚。目前尚不清楚是动脉粥样物质发生了代谢溶解，还是动脉粥样斑块相对于扩张的动脉壁发生了纤维性收缩。需要进一步研究以阐明血管成形术后的晚期变化。
