Levene C, Steinberg A G, Friedlander Y, Brautbar C, Cohen T
Am J Med Genet. 1984 Dec;19(4):623-41. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.1320190402.
Bukharan and Georgian Jews have lived in central Asia for many centuries. Approximately 30,000 Bukharan and 37,000 Georgian Jews lived in their respective countries within the USSR between 1920 and 1960. Genetic markers of blood--blood groups, isoenzymes, HLA antigens, and gamma and kappa chain allotypes--were tested in blood samples from 113 Bukharan and 134 Georgian Jews living in Israel. Estimates of inbreeding were low: alpha = 0.0088 for Bukharan and alpha = 0.0011 for Georgian Jews. G6PD deficiency was relatively rare in Bukharan (2.2%) and in Georgian Jews (6.0%), when compared to other Jews in the area. Both populations showed frequencies of some markers similar to that of other Jewish populations, but frequencies of several markers were extremely high or low. Bukharan Jews showed very high frequencies of B(0.243), cDe (0.122), JkA (0.705), HLA-A29 (0.167), A30 (0.116) and B7 (0.124), and AcPA (0.451) and very low ones of O(0.518), CDe(0.422), AcPB (0.513) and GLO1 (0.140). Very high frequencies in Georgian Jews were observed for cDE (0.189), HLA-A3 (0.194), Bw35 (0.300) and GLO1 (0.367). Yet the greatest difference between both populations was in African characters. While in Bukharan Jews Fy was very frequent (0.146) and cDe was the highest observed among Jews (0.122), neither of these markers was detected among the Georgian Jews tested. Yet, another African character, the Gm1,5,10,11,13,14,17,26 haplotype, occurred in both populations (0.028 and 0.042 in Bukharan and Georgian Jews, respectively). Distance measures for Bukharan, Georgian, Iranian, Cochin, and Libyan Jews based on 13 polymorphic loci showed the greatest distance between Cochin Jews and the other populations and the smallest distance between the Georgian and Iranian Jews.
布哈拉犹太人和格鲁吉亚犹太人在中亚生活了许多世纪。1920年至1960年间，约3万布哈拉犹太人和3.7万格鲁吉亚犹太人生活在前苏联境内各自的国家。对居住在以色列的113名布哈拉犹太人和134名格鲁吉亚犹太人的血样进行了血型、同工酶、HLA抗原以及γ和κ链同种异型等血液遗传标记的检测。近亲繁殖系数估计值较低：布哈拉犹太人为α = 0.0088，格鲁吉亚犹太人为α = 0.0011。与该地区其他犹太人相比，葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶（G6PD）缺乏症在布哈拉犹太人（2.2%）和格鲁吉亚犹太人（6.0%）中相对较少见。这两个群体中一些标记的频率与其他犹太人群体相似，但有几个标记的频率极高或极低。布哈拉犹太人中B（0.243）、cDe（0.122）、JkA（0.705）、HLA - A29（0.167）、A30（0.116）和B7（0.124）以及AcPA（0.451）的频率非常高，而O（0.518）、CDe（0.422）、AcPB（0.513）和GLO1（0.140）的频率非常低。在格鲁吉亚犹太人中，cDE（0.189）、HLA - A3（0.194）、Bw35（0.300）和GLO1（0.367）的频率非常高。然而，这两个群体之间最大的差异在于非洲特征方面。在布哈拉犹太人中，Fy非常常见（0.146），cDe是在犹太人中观察到的最高频率（0.122），但在接受检测的格鲁吉亚犹太人中均未检测到这些标记。然而，另一个非洲特征，即Gm1,5,10,11,13,14,17,26单倍型，在两个群体中都出现了（布哈拉犹太人和格鲁吉亚犹太人中的频率分别为0.028和0.042）。基于13个多态位点对布哈拉、格鲁吉亚、伊朗、柯钦和利比亚犹太人进行的距离测量显示，柯钦犹太人与其他群体之间的距离最大，而格鲁吉亚犹太人和伊朗犹太人之间的距离最小。
