Weissman M M, Leaf P J, Holzer C E, Myers J K, Tischler G L
J Affect Disord. 1984 Dec;7(3-4):179-88. doi: 10.1016/0165-0327(84)90039-9.
Data from the New Haven, CT, Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area, site of the NIMH Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) study, a multi-site collaborative community survey of psychiatric disorders is presented. The 6-month prevalence rates based on the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS) interview and the DSM-III found that major depression was more frequent in women than men (2.4:1). The sex ratios for bipolar disorder were about equal. The sex ratios for major depression were fairly consistent at different time periods retrospectively assessed. There appeared to be a birth cohort effect with cohort's born after 1936 having an earlier age of onset and higher rates of major depression but not a change in sex ratios. These findings must be considered in light of the methodologic limitations of retrospective recall.
来自康涅狄格州纽黑文标准大都市统计区的数据被呈现出来，该地区是美国国立精神卫生研究所流行病学集水区（ECA）研究的地点，这是一项关于精神疾病的多地点协作社区调查。基于诊断访谈表（DIS）访谈和《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版（DSM-III）得出的6个月患病率发现，重度抑郁症在女性中比男性更常见（比例为2.4:1）。双相情感障碍的性别比例大致相等。回顾性评估不同时间段的重度抑郁症性别比例相当一致。似乎存在出生队列效应，1936年以后出生的队列发病年龄更早，重度抑郁症发病率更高，但性别比例没有变化。鉴于回顾性回忆的方法学局限性，必须考虑这些发现。
