Weissman M M, Leaf P J, Tischler G L, Blazer D G, Karno M, Bruce M L, Florio L P
Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT.
Psychol Med. 1988 Feb;18(1):141-53. doi: 10.1017/s0033291700001975.
Results on the age/sex specific prevalence of DSM-III affective disorders from the NIMH Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study (ECA), a probability sample of over 18,000 adults from five United States communities, are presented. The cross-site means for bipolar disorder ranged from 0.7/100 (2 weeks) to 1.2/100 (lifetime), with a mean age of onset of 21 years and no sex difference in rates. The cross-site means for major depression ranged from 1.5/100 (2 weeks) to 4.4/100 (lifetime), with a mean age onset of 27 years and higher rates in women. The cross-site means for dysthymia, a chronic condition, was 3.1/100 with a higher rate in women. There was reasonable consistency in prevalence rates among sites. The implications of these findings for understanding psychopathology are discussed.
本文呈现了美国国立精神卫生研究所（NIMH）开展的流行病学集水区研究（ECA）中，关于《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版（DSM-III）情感障碍在特定年龄和性别的患病率结果。该研究从美国五个社区抽取了超过18000名成年人作为概率样本。双相情感障碍的跨站点均值在0.7/100（两周患病率）至1.2/100（终生患病率）之间，平均发病年龄为21岁，患病率无性别差异。重度抑郁症的跨站点均值在1.5/100（两周患病率）至4.4/100（终生患病率）之间，平均发病年龄为27岁，女性患病率更高。恶劣心境（一种慢性病）的跨站点均值为3.1/100，女性患病率更高。各站点之间的患病率具有合理的一致性。文中还讨论了这些研究结果对于理解精神病理学的意义。
